At least one party to a divorce must have been domiciled in the State of Colorado for at least 90 days prior to commencing a Dissolution of Marriage of action. Thereafter, at least 90 days must have passed since the court acquired jurisdiction over the respondent via either service of process upon the respondent, the respondent joining as co-petitioner in the petition or the respondent otherwise enters an appearance. Accordingly, the quickest you can get divorced is 90 days from the date that the court acquires jurisdiction over the respondent. The actual timeline will vary greatly depending upon the county, issues involved in your case and whether you go to trial or are able to settle.
The court will allocate parenting time and parental responsibilities (formerly referred to as “joint or sole custody”) and based upon what is in the best interests of the minor child(ren). In order to determine what is in a child’s best interest, the court will consider the following factors as found in C.R.S. §14-10-124: (see below)
(a) Determination of parenting time. The court, upon the motion of either party or upon its own motion, may make provisions for parenting time that the court finds are in the child’s best interests unless the court finds, after a hearing, that parenting time by the party would endanger the child’s physical health or significantly impair the child’s emotional development. In determining the best interests of the child for purposes of parenting time, the court shall consider all relevant factors, including:
(I) The wishes of the child’s parents as to parenting time;
(II) The wishes of the child if he or she is sufficiently mature to express reasoned and independent preferences as to the parenting time schedule;
(III) The interaction and interrelationship of the child with his or her parents, his or her siblings, and any other person who may significantly affect the child’s best interests;
(IV) The child’s adjustment to his or her home, school, and community;
(V) The mental and physical health of all individuals involved, except that a disability alone shall not be a basis to deny or restrict parenting time;
(VI) The ability of the parties to encourage the sharing of love, affection, and contact between the child and the other party;
(VII) Whether the past pattern of involvement of the parties with the child reflects a system of values, time commitment, and mutual support;
(VIII) The physical proximity of the parties to each other as this relates to the practical considerations of parenting time;
(IX) Whether one of the parties has been a perpetrator of child abuse or neglect under section 18-6-401, C.R.S., or under the law of any state, which factor shall be supported by credible evidence;
(X) Whether one of the parties has been a perpetrator of spouse abuse as defined in subsection (4) of this section, which factor shall be supported by credible evidence;
(XI) The ability of each party to place the needs of the child ahead of his or her own needs.
(b) Allocation of decision-making responsibility. The court, upon the motion of either party or its own motion, shall allocate the decision-making responsibilities between the parties based upon the best interests of the child. In determining decision-making responsibility, the
court may allocate the decision-making responsibility with respect to each issue affecting the child mutually between both parties or individually to one or the other party or any combination thereof. In determining the best interests of the child for purposes of allocating decision-making
responsibilities, the court shall consider, in addition to the factors set forth in paragraph (a) of this subsection (1.5), all relevant factors including:
(I) Credible evidence of the ability of the parties to cooperate and to make decisions jointly;
(II) Whether the past pattern of involvement of the parties with the child reflects a system of values, time commitment, and mutual support that would indicate an ability as mutual decision makers to provide a positive and nourishing relationship with the child;
(III) Whether an allocation of mutual decision-making responsibility on any one or a number of issues will promote more frequent or continuing contact between the child and each of the parties;
(IV) Whether one of the parties has been a perpetrator of child abuse or neglect under section 18-6-401, C.R.S., or under the law of any state, which factor shall be supported by credible evidence. If the court makes a finding of fact that one of the parties has been a perpetrator of child abuse or neglect, then it shall not be in the best interests of the child to allocate mutual decision-making with respect to any issue over the objection of the other party or the legal representative of the child.
(V) Whether one of the parties has been a perpetrator of spouse abuse as defined in subsection (4) of this section, which factor shall be supported by credible evidence. If the court makes a finding of fact that one of the parties has been a perpetrator of spouse abuse, then it shall
not be in the best interests of the child to allocate mutual decision-making responsibility over the objection of the other party or the legal representative of the child, unless the court finds that the
parties are able to make shared decisions about their children without physical confrontation and in a place and manner that is not a danger to the abused party or the child.
(2) The court shall not consider conduct of a party that does not affect that party’s relationship to the child.
(3) In determining parenting time or decision-making responsibilities, the court shall not presume that any person is better able to serve the best interests of the child because of that person’s sex.
(3.5) A request by either party for genetic testing shall not prejudice the requesting party in the allocation of parental responsibilities pursuant to subsection (1.5) of this section.
(4) If a party is absent or leaves home because of spouse abuse by the other party, such absence or leaving shall not be a factor in determining the best interests of the child. For the purpose of this subsection (4), “spouse abuse” means the proven threat of or infliction of physical pain or
injury by a spouse or a party on the other party.
(5) Repealed.
(6) In the event of a medical emergency, either party shall be allowed to obtain necessary medical treatment for the minor child or children without being in violation of the order allocating decision-making responsibility or in contempt of court.
(7) In order to implement an order allocating parental responsibilities, both parties may submit a parenting plan or plans for the court’s approval that shall address both parenting time and the
allocation of decision-making responsibilities. If no parenting plan is submitted or if the court does not approve a submitted parenting plan, the court, on its own motion, shall formulate a parenting plan that shall address parenting time and the allocation of decision-making
responsibilities.
(8) The court may order mediation, pursuant to section 13-22-311, C.R.S., to assist the parties in formulating or modifying a parenting plan or in implementing a parenting plan specified in subsection (7) of this section and may allocate the cost of said mediation between the parties.
The State of Colorado has implemented presumed Child Support Guidelines. These child support guidelines consider such factors including, but not limited to, the gross incomes of each parent, the number of children, the number of overnights the child(ren) spend with each parent, cost of daycare, cost of health insurance premiums attributable to the child(ren), limited other extraordinary expenses for the child(ren) and whether there are any older children living with the parents or whether there is a child support obligation being paid for children older than the children at issue.
Child support commences after the physical separation of the parties, the filing of the Petition for Dissolution of Marriage or service upon the respondent, whichever date is latest.
Pursuant to C.R.S. §14-10-115 you may modify child support anytime there is a substantial and continuing change of circumstances and application of the child support guidelines would result in more than a 10% change in the amount of child support being paid.
Generally speaking, child support in the State of Colorado terminates upon the emancipation of a child. A child emancipates upon attaining the age of nineteen, joins the military, marries or otherwise emancipates.
One spouse may be required to pay some or all of the attorney fees of the other spouse depending upon the financial circumstances of each spouse. Pursuant to C.R.S. §14-10-119 the court may make an award of attorney fees to equalize the financial positions of the parties. This typically occurs when there is a wide disparity in the parties’ earning capacities.
Yes and if you are considering restoring your maiden name it is advisable to do it as part of the dissolution of marriage action. It is very easy to restore your maiden as part of the divorce action but much more cumbersome to do at a later time. If you do restore your maiden name, then you will want to obtain certified copies of the Decree of Dissolution Marriage to present to the Department of Motor Vehicles and the Social Security Administration to change your name with those agencies.
